4 Core Elements of Supply Chain Resilience
July 11, 2024
In January 2020, the Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement (DFARS) formally added the Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification (CMMC). The decision sent over 300,000 members of the defense industrial base (DIB) into a state of frenzy. Most of the members are small to midsize businesses (SMBs). Many found themselves drowning in all the unnecessary noise surrounding CMMC and its larger implications on existing and future government contracts.
The chaos increased when the Interim DFARS Rule (DFARS Case 2019-D041) joined the foray on November 30, 2020. This rule mandates all defense contractors to perform self-assessments of their cybersecurity efficacy. The assessment uses the NIST CSF (SP) 800-171 DoD Assessment Methodology.
Amid all the deliberation and scrutiny, let us try understanding the Interim DFARS Rule and its impact on you as a member of the DIB. In this short read, we tell you what is changed by the Interim DFARS Rule, what it mandates contractors to do and what your next immediate step are to not be penalized for non-compliance with this latest mandate by the Department of Defense (DoD).
This is not the first time the DoD has asked defense contractors to follow the 110 cybersecurity controls. They are in the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Special Publication 800-171, generally referred to as “800-171.”
Even prior to the adoption of the CMMC, DFARS mandated most defense contractors to merely attest to the fact that they followed all the controls specified in 800-171. However, many non-compliant contractors and sporadic government audits led to controlled, unclassified information (CUI) leaked out of government contracts.
Therefore, in a bid to counter potential security threats, the Interim DFARS Rule mandates self-assessments. The rule formally scores your 800-171 compliance status based on a specific scoring system developed by the DoD. You upload the post-assessment score to a federal database called the Supplier Performance Risk System (SPRS).
The deadline for you to conduct a self-assessment and upload it to the SPRS database was in April 2021. This is mandatory for if you intend to accept any DoD-related contracts issued after December 1, 2020 that include the flow down of DFARS 252.204-7012.
By now you should understand the urgency with which you must approach complying with the Interim DFARS Rule. Let us now look at how the interim rule scoring works.
During the self-assessment, contractors score themselves on the implementation of each of the 110 NIST (SP) 800-171 cybersecurity controls. The CMMC requires DoD contractors to conduct these self-assessments once every three years, unless anything necessitates a change in frequency.
The assessment scoring begins with a perfect score of 110 for each NIST 800-171 control. You subtract points for every control not implemented. Each control holds a point value ranging from one to five based on a control’s significance.
No credit is given for partially implemented controls, except for multifactor authentication and FIPS-validated encryption. Although NIST does not prioritize security requirements, it does declare that certain controls bear greater impact on a network’s security.
Here are three things you must remember with respect to the self-assessment:
If you receive less than 110 points, you must generate a Plan of Action and Milestones (POA&M) document explaining how the deficiencies will be addressed and the failing items will be remediated. You can update scores as and when the loopholes are addressed and remediated.
As a contractor, you must also develop and submit a System Security Plan (SSP) with thorough details of implemented NIST 800-171 controls such as operational procedures, organizational policies and technical components.
Upon concluding the self-assessment, you must submit the results to the governmental SPRS database within 30 days.
Now that we have established all that you must do, there’s no time to waste. Here’s what you immediately need to do.
While the DoD works out every little detail about CMMC and puts it out in the open by 2026, you just cannot wait about in anticipation. You must start gearing up to conduct a thorough and accurate self-assessment and do whatever it takes after that to fulfill today’s cybersecurity requirements. This way, you will comply with the Interim DFARS Rule and also be prepared for every future development with respect to CMMC.
Navigating through the complexities of CMMC can be both complex and overwhelming. That’s why having an experienced partner to shoulder the responsibility would ease the pressure on you. We would love to chip in with our best efforts. All it would take is an email allowing us to talk to you about it.
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